Journal of the stylistic of Persian poem and prose
volume Number 17، number In Volume 1، Apeil 2024 ، issue Number 95

Examining the methods of exaggeration in Persian ritual poetry with the theme of the attributes of Imam Ali (AS)

Ebrahim Vasheghani Farahani (Author in Charge), Meysam Akbarzadeh

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Exaggeration, in the sense of exaggerating phenomena in such a way that reason does not accept its possibility, is one of the important ways of human expression. Exaggeration has a wide presence in poetry and gives it beauty and power, but when poetry should contain accuracy and convey truth in addition to beauty and impact, exaggeration can turn into its bane. One of the fields of Gholu"s extensive presence in Persian poetry is ritual poetry, but Gholu was not free of harm in this fertile type of Persian poetry. Although the exaggeration in Persian ritual poetry is rooted in the love and interest of their composers for prophets and imams (pbuh), sometimes the love and interest far from awareness leads to exaggerations that contradict the high dignity of those cherished beings and the correctness of the common beliefs of believers. It damages The purpose of this article is to investigate the nature of hyperbole and explain its methods and branches in Persian ritual poetry, relying on hyperbole in the attributes of Imam Ali (AS).

METHODOLOGY: The research method in this article is a combination of descriptive and analytical methods. First, the description of the nature of gluttony, its types and methods, and the explanation of the views of Islam, the Prophet (PBUH), the Imams of Athar (AS) and scholars on gluttony are discussed. Then the methods of exaggeration in Persian poetry are analyzed. The subject area of the investigation is the attributes of Imam Ali (AS) in diwans, battles and collections of Persian poetry.

FINDINGS: The findings of this research show the wide presence of hypocrisy in Persian ritual poetry and especially in the attributes of Imam Ali (AS).

CONCLUSION: The presence of ghalo in Persian ritual poetry is in various ways such as god-likeness, deification, abahahari, khorardash and other ways, which are sometimes in mild degrees and sometimes reach extreme degrees. These exaggerations are sometimes atheistic, but sometimes they contain only degrees of deviation. Also, the excesses sometimes cause bowing and honoring, but sometimes they not only do not contain any goodness, but also violate the Sankh.

Keyword
Gholu , Imam Ali (a.s.) , ritual poetry , deification , delegitimization , blasphemy

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